Communication Copy

Go back

In Qing, the documentation flowing between bureaucrats with different departments who are not affiliates of one another is Communication Copy. According to The Rules and Systems in Guangxu Era (光緒會典事例), "when provincial bureaucrats meet one another, upon communication, Communication Copy is used by Governor-Generals and Regional Commanders, whereas provincial political leaders use communications." Communication Copies are provincial--or local--documentations, and they are downward flowing. Towards the end of the Qing Dynasty, Communication Copies are also commonly used as a kind of diplomatic documentations.

zoom

Item No.: 166354

The Office of Foreign Affairs' meetings with Britain and France. (Registration Number: 166354)